Method of making lock-nut washers.



J. E. WILSON.

METHOD OF MAKING LOCK NUT WASHERS.

APPLICATION FILED Ammo, 1909.

949,871. Patented Feb. 22, 1910.

WITNESSES: F 5 INVENTOR W11; JZzs E. M23011,

untrue s rains rarest JAMES E. 'WILSON, OF NEW YORK,

N. Y., ASSIGNQR T0 NATIONAL LOCK WASHER 00., 0F NEWARK, N'EW JERSEY, A CORPORA'TXQN OF NEW JERSEY.

METHQD (3F MAKING: LOCK-NUT WASHERS.

erase i.

-Specifieation of Letters Batent,

iatcntcd Feb. 22, H0,

To all whom it may concern-.-

Be it known that 1, JAMES E. WiLson, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods oi Making Lock-Nut, Washers; and l do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact desc -iption of the invention,

such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to method of making lock nut washers, but more particularly has reference to the making of devices of this description which are sections of a cylindrical coil of suitable metal, so that the washer thus formed is, after proper tempering, a spring washer Heretot'ore the inner edge of the outer face of such spring washers has been slightly .character of the washer itself, and this defeet in the washer is due to the fact that a bur on the inner lower edge of the washer is invariably incidental to its manufacture; and when pressure is applied by means of the nut to the washer it will not set evenly on the object through which the bolt. extends, and during the grinding movement of the nut, the washer will become strained and in'many instances will break thus nullifying its effect as a lock. This defect has been abundantly recognized, and efforts have heretofore been made to cure the same but. without material success. For instance, a washer has been constructed with its greatest holding or binding port-ion at its outer marginal edges, so that any bur on the inner edge will have no contact with the object through which the bolt extends until the nut is finally driven home. Also. the washer has been provided not only with the raised rib on its upper inner edge, but a raised rib' has been tormed on its lower outer edge in order to overcome this defect.

But in these last named constructions a. very clumsy washer has resulted and one which is extremely diilicult to manutacturc owing to the requirement of specially rolled stock,-

aud moreover they are not perfect washers owing to the fact that their locking;- qualities have been more or less impaired in the endeavor to overcome the defect by the presence of the bur above referred to. I have discovered a very simple remedy for this defect, and my washer as constructed not only overcomes this defect but the looking qualities of the same are unimpaired, and my invention consists in the method of manufacture hereinafter fully explained and then particularly pointed out in the claim which concludes this description.

In the accompanying drawing Figure l is a plan view of a washer made in accordance with my methodFig. 2 a side elevation of the old form of spring washer without the bevel on the rear inner periphery-Fig 3 a section at the line .17, 11, oi Fig. 1Fig. d a sectional elevation illustratingmy washer in ell ective position with the nut screwed home, and Fig. 5 a broken perspective view of the end of the old form of washer such as is shown at- Fig. 2, showing particularly the appearance and location of the bar defect.

Similar numbers of reference denote like parts in the several figures of the drawing. c

l is the body of my improved spring washer which is in the form of a single sectional convolution of ahelix which latter is made from suitably rolled stock Projecting upwardly from the inner peripheral edge ot' the outer face of the washer is a rib which is triangular shaped in cross section, while the correspoi'iding edge of the inner face of said washer is entirely cut away as seen at- 3.

In orderto produce the washer above described, I employ a strip of suitably rolled stock that has the rib 2 formed thereon along one. edge; I then bevel or chami'er the edge of'said stock that .is immediately opposite the base of the rib 2; I then wind this strip into the form of a coil spring, one of the inner edges of such coil bearing the rib 2 while the other or opposite inner edge is the one that has the bevel; the washers are severed from the coil'by a blow which practically breaks them away from said coil, and this blow forces a bur from the stock immediately adjacent the bevel, but said bur will not extend beyond this beveled portion and therefore the rear face of the severed washer, which is the face immediately opposite the 'eled successively after coiling and immediately prior to severing,-and I do not wish to be limited in this respect.

p The manner in which a washer made in accordance with my method is used is illustrated at Fig. t, where I have shown suitable plates at or other objects through which ex; tends a threaded bolt 5, the washer 1 being placed around the bolt with its 'rear face toward the adjacent plate 4, while a nut 6 is l v Having thus described my invention what "I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters driven on the end of the bolt directly against said washer As the nut comes in contact with successive portions of the rib 2, the washer will gradually be compressed against the plate 4: while at the same time said rib will cut and grind into the lower face of the nut, and as the pressure of the latter becomes greater, the stock at the inner periphery of the nut will be forced firmly against the bolt and thereby effect a perfect locking. During this operation the washer will gradually be forced flatly and evenly against the face of the plate and there will be an abundance of a clearance between this particular cut away ortion of the washer and the threads of the olt, and as there is no point extending beyond the rear face of the washer, the latter cannot rock unevenly, nor 1s there any tally break away and be wedged between the faces of the plate and 'washer.

I have shown at a, in .dottedlines atcFigs. 2 and 5 theappearance and location of the old form of washers from thehelix, and it will be clear that the cutting away of the rear inneredge of the washers will render such a defect impossible.

My improvement is of course not limited to the provision of any particular shape of cutting rib in cross section, or in fact to the making of washers with these ribs, since the latter have no bearing on my invention proper, and I have shown and described this rib merely since it is present in the style of washer that I prefer to make, but in all instances a washer made by my method must have a perfectly plain rear surface with its inner peripheral edg'emut away.

Patent is The herein described method of making spring lock washers, which consists in winding the stock into the form of a coil spring, beveling the edge which forms the inner periphery of the rear faces of the washers,

tion of said spring.

In testimony whereof I atlix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES E. \VTLSON. W'itnesses Es'rnnn SLooUM, SIAULDIZNG' FRAZER.

bur which is the result of the cutting of the and then successively severing each convolusemblance of a bur which might acciden- 

